| # 요약 | |
| # analyze # no_invalidate _optimizer_invalidation_period ■ System 통계 from sys.aux_stats$ # noworkload # workload ■ 자동 통계 수집 from dba_autotask_client from dba_scheduler_wingroup_members from dba_scheduler_windows from dba_autotask_window_clients from dba_autotask_job_history from dba_tab_modifications |
|
# 테이블 통계
analyze table employees compute statistics for table;
# 컬럼 통계
analyze table employees compute statistics for all columns;
analyze table employees compute statistics for all columns size 25;
analyze table employees compute statistics for all columns job_id size 20, department_id size 10;
# 인덱스 통계
analyze index emp_emp_id_pk compute statistics;
exec dbms_stats.gather_index_stats('HR','EMP_EMP_ID_PK')
# EMP 테이블 통계 수집하면서 관련있는 인덱스 통계수집도 함께 수행
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HR', 'EMP', method_opt => 'FOR COLUMNS SIZE 20 JOB_ID', cascade => true)
# no_invalidate : 라이브러리 캐시에 캐싱된 커서(LCO)를 무효화 할지 결정
exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HR','EMP',method_opt=>'FOR COLUMNS SIZE 20 JOB_ID', cascade => true, no_invalidate => true)
- no_invalidate =>
- true : 기본값, 연관된 커서(LCO)를 무효화 하지 않겠다. (10g)
- false : 연관된 커서(LCO)를 무효화 한다. (9i)
- dbms_stats.auto_invalidate : 정해진 시간동안 조금씩 무효화 한다.(10g)
_optimizer_invalidation_period = 18000(초)
# 히든 파라미터 정보
SYS@ora11g> select a.ksppinm name, b.ksppstvl value
from x$ksppi a, x$ksppsv b
where a.indx = b.indx
and lower(a.ksppinm) in ('_optimizer_invalidation_period');
NAME VALUE
------------------------------- ----------
_optimizer_invalidation_period 18000
■ System 통계
- 9i부터 하드웨어 및 애플리케이션 특성에 맞는 시스템 통계를 수집하고 활용
- I/O, CPU 성능 같은 하드웨어 특성
- CPU 속도
- 평균적인 Singleblock I/O 속도, Multiblock I/O 속도
- 평균적인 Multiblock I/O 개수
- I/O 서브시스템의 최대 처리량(throughput)
- 병렬 slave의 평균적인 처리량(throughput)
# 시스템 통계 정보
SYS@ora11g> select * from sys.aux_stats$;
SNAME PNAME PVAL1 PVAL2
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- -----------------
SYSSTATS_INFO STATUS COMPLETED SYSSTATS_INFO DSTART 08-25-2013 05:42
SYSSTATS_INFO DSTOP 08-25-2013 05:42
SYSSTATS_INFO FLAGS 1
SYSSTATS_MAIN CPUSPEEDNW 2734.11765
SYSSTATS_MAIN IOSEEKTIM 10
SYSSTATS_MAIN IOTFRSPEED 4096
SYSSTATS_MAIN SREADTIM
SYSSTATS_MAIN MREADTIM
SYSSTATS_MAIN CPUSPEED
SYSSTATS_MAIN MBRC
SYSSTATS_MAIN MAXTHR
SYSSTATS_MAIN SLAVETHR
# noworkload 시스템 통계(10g)
- 명시적으로 시스템 통계 수집을 하지 않더라도 CPU 비용 모델을 사용할 수 있도록하기 위해서 오라클이 내부적으로 시스템 통계 설정
CPUSPEEDNW : CPU 속도(백만/초)
IOSEEKTIM : 데이터를 읽으려고 디스크 헤드를 옮기는데 걸리는 시간, 보편적(5~15ms)
IOTFRSPEED : OS 프로세스 I/O 서브 시스템으로부터 데이터를 읽는 속도(byte/ms)
# workload 시스템 통계(9i)
- 실제 애플리케이션에서 발생하는 부하를 측정한 값
SREADTIM : 평균적 single block I/O 속도(ms:1/1000초)
MREADTIM : 평균적 multi block I/O 속도(ms:1/1000초)
CPUSPEED : 단일 CPU가 초당 수행할 수 있는 오퍼레이션 수(백만/초)
MBRC : multi block I/O 발생 시 평균적으로 읽은 블록 수
MAXTHR : I/O 서브시스템의 초당 최대 처리량(byte/초)
SLAVETHR : 병렬 slave의 평균적인 초당 처리량(byte/초)
# NOWORKLOAD 시스템 통계 수집
SYS@ora11g> execute dbms_stats.gather_system_stats(gathering_mode => 'NOWORKLOAD')
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ora11g> select * from sys.aux_stats$;
SNAME PNAME PVAL1 PVAL2
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------------
SYSSTATS_INFO STATUS COMPLETED
SYSSTATS_INFO DSTART 02-23-2024 14:28
SYSSTATS_INFO DSTOP 02-23-2024 14:28
SYSSTATS_INFO FLAGS 1
SYSSTATS_MAIN CPUSPEEDNW 3562
SYSSTATS_MAIN IOSEEKTIM 10
SYSSTATS_MAIN IOTFRSPEED 4096
SYSSTATS_MAIN SREADTIM
SYSSTATS_MAIN MREADTIM
SYSSTATS_MAIN CPUSPEED
SYSSTATS_MAIN MBRC
SYSSTATS_MAIN MAXTHR
SYSSTATS_MAIN SLAVETHR
# Workload 시스템 통계 수집
SYS@ora11g> execute dbms_stats.gather_system_stats(gathering_mode => 'INTERVAL', interval => 1)
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
> interval : 분단위 설정
> SQL문 많이 사용할 때 하면 좋음(낮업무)
SYS@ora11g> select * from sys.aux_stats$;
SNAME PNAME PVAL1 PVAL2
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------------
SYSSTATS_INFO STATUS AUTOGATHERING
SYSSTATS_INFO DSTART 02-23-2024 14:31
SYSSTATS_INFO DSTOP 02-23-2024 14:32
SYSSTATS_INFO FLAGS 0
SYSSTATS_MAIN CPUSPEEDNW 3562
SYSSTATS_MAIN IOSEEKTIM 10
SYSSTATS_MAIN IOTFRSPEED 4096
SYSSTATS_MAIN SREADTIM
SYSSTATS_MAIN MREADTIM
SYSSTATS_MAIN CPUSPEED
SYSSTATS_MAIN MBRC
SYSSTATS_MAIN MAXTHR
SYSSTATS_MAIN SLAVETHR
SYSSTATS_TEMP SBLKRDS 94036
SYSSTATS_TEMP SBLKRDTIM 276503.878
SYSSTATS_TEMP MBLKRDS 9180
SYSSTATS_TEMP MBLKRDTIM 42704.805
SYSSTATS_TEMP CPUCYCLES 2509920
SYSSTATS_TEMP CPUTIM 704612
SYSSTATS_TEMP JOB 581
SYSSTATS_TEMP CACHE_JOB 582
SYSSTATS_TEMP MBRTOTAL 155168
SYS@ora11g> execute dbms_stats.gather_system_stats(gathering_mode => 'start')
SYS@ora11g> execute dbms_stats.gather_system_stats(gathering_mode => 'stop')
# 테스트 데이터베이스(개발DB) 시스템 통계 정보를 운영 시스템 통계 정보로 반영
begin
dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('SREADTIM', 1.2);
dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('MREADTIM', 1.3);
dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('MBRC', 16);
dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('CPUSPEED', 700);
dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('MAXTHR', 40580544);
dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('SLAVETHR', 32224);
end;
/
■ 자동 통계 수집
- 10g
# 자동 작업 기능 목록
SYS@ora11g> select client_name, status, consumer_group, window_group
from dba_autotask_client;
CLIENT_NAME STATUS CONSUMER_GROUP WINDOW_GROUP
----------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------------ ---------------
auto optimizer stats collection ENABLED ORA$AUTOTASK_STATS_GROUP ORA$AT_WGRP_OS
auto space advisor ENABLED ORA$AUTOTASK_SPACE_GROUP ORA$AT_WGRP_SA
sql tuning advisor ENABLED ORA$AUTOTASK_SQL_GROUP ORA$AT_WGRP_SQ
- auto optimizer stats collection : 한번도 수집하지 안은 테이블(last_analyze = null),
마지막 데더링 이후 10%이상 변경된 테이블
- sql tuning advisor : 유료, 문장 튜닝을 오라클이 해주겠다.
- auto space advisor : 유료, 재구성(리오브) 대상 테이블을 찾아주겠다.
Row Migration 발생한 테이블, HWM 위치대비 미사용 block 많은 테이블
> 유료인데 ENABLED ? > 사용안하면 disable 해놓기
# ORA$AT_WGRP_OS : 어느 요일에 어떤 작업을 하는지 정보
SYS@ora11g> select *
from dba_scheduler_wingroup_members
where window_group_name = 'ORA$AT_WGRP_OS';
WINDOW_GROUP_NAME WINDOW_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
ORA$AT_WGRP_OS MONDAY_WINDOW
ORA$AT_WGRP_OS TUESDAY_WINDOW
ORA$AT_WGRP_OS WEDNESDAY_WINDOW
ORA$AT_WGRP_OS THURSDAY_WINDOW
ORA$AT_WGRP_OS FRIDAY_WINDOW
ORA$AT_WGRP_OS SATURDAY_WINDOW
ORA$AT_WGRP_OS SUNDAY_WINDOW
# 작업에 대한 시간정보
SYS@ora11g> select window_name, resource_plan, repeat_interval, duration
from dba_scheduler_windows;
WINDOW_NAME RESOURCE_PLAN REPEAT_INTERVAL DURATION
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------- --------------
MONDAY_WINDOW DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN freq=daily;byday=MON;byhour=22;byminute=0; bysecond=0 +000 04:00:00
TUESDAY_WINDOW DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN freq=daily;byday=TUE;byhour=22;byminute=0; bysecond=0 +000 04:00:00
WEDNESDAY_WINDOW DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN freq=daily;byday=WED;byhour=22;byminute=0; bysecond=0 +000 04:00:00
THURSDAY_WINDOW DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN freq=daily;byday=THU;byhour=22;byminute=0; bysecond=0 +000 04:00:00
FRIDAY_WINDOW DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN freq=daily;byday=FRI;byhour=22;byminute=0; bysecond=0 +000 04:00:00
SATURDAY_WINDOW DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN freq=daily;byday=SAT;byhour=6;byminute=0; bysecond=0 +000 20:00:00
SUNDAY_WINDOW DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN freq=daily;byday=SUN;byhour=6;byminute=0; bysecond=0 +000 20:00:00
WEEKNIGHT_WINDOW freq=daily;byday=MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI;byhour=22;byminute +000 08:00:00
=0; bysecond=0
WEEKEND_WINDOW freq=daily;byday=SAT;byhour=0;byminute=0;bysecond=0 +002 00:00:00
# 작업 시 수행여부, 다음 작업일
SYS@ora11g> select window_name, window_next_time, autotask_status, optimizer_stats, segment_advisor, sql_tune_advisor
from dba_autotask_window_clients;
WINDOW_NAME WINDOW_NEXT_TIME AUTOTASK_STATUS OPTIMIZER_STATS SEGMENT_ADVISOR SQL_TUNE_ADVISOR
-------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------
MONDAY_WINDOW 26-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED
TUESDAY_WINDOW 27-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED
WEDNESDAY_WINDOW 28-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED
THURSDAY_WINDOW 22-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED
FRIDAY_WINDOW 23-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED
SATURDAY_WINDOW 24-FEB-24 06.00.00.000000 AM EST5EDT ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED
SUNDAY_WINDOW 25-FEB-24 06.00.00.000000 AM EST5EDT ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED ENABLED
# 작업정보 수정
execute dbms_scheduler.set_attribute('FRIDAY_WINDOW', 'repeat_interval', 'freq=daily;byday=FRI;byhour=05;byminute=0; bysecond=0');
execute dbms_scheduler.set_attribute(name => 'MONDAY_WINDOW', attribute => 'duration', value => numtodsinterval(5,'hour'));
> numtodsinterval : day, hour, minute, second
# 작업 히스토리
SYS@ora11g> select client_name, job_status, job_start_time, job_duration
from dba_autotask_job_history;
CLIENT_NAME JOB_STATUS JOB_START_TIME JOB_DURATION
----------------------------------- ----------- ------------------------------------- --------------
auto optimizer stats collection SUCCEEDED 22-FEB-24 10.00.02.234326 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:10
sql tuning advisor SUCCEEDED 22-FEB-24 10.00.02.130719 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:01
auto space advisor SUCCEEDED 22-FEB-24 10.00.02.127326 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:02
sql tuning advisor SUCCEEDED 21-FEB-24 10.00.02.256360 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:02
auto space advisor SUCCEEDED 21-FEB-24 10.00.02.183351 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:04
auto optimizer stats collection SUCCEEDED 21-FEB-24 10.00.02.167742 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:20
sql tuning advisor SUCCEEDED 20-FEB-24 10.00.02.180355 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:03
auto space advisor SUCCEEDED 20-FEB-24 10.00.02.169809 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:04
auto optimizer stats collection SUCCEEDED 20-FEB-24 10.00.02.155618 PM EST5EDT +000 00:00:11
...
> 자동 통계는 일반적으로 disable 상태로 두거나 특정요일만 사용
# 자동 통계 수집 비활성화
SYS@ora11g> begin
dbms_auto_task_admin.disable(
client_name => 'auto optimizer stats collection',
operation => null,
window_name => null);
end;
/
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ora11g> select client_name, status, consumer_group, window_group
from dba_autotask_client;
CLIENT_NAME STATUS CONSUMER_GROUP WINDOW_GROUP
----------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------------ ---------------
auto optimizer stats collection DISABLED ORA$AUTOTASK_STATS_GROUP ORA$AT_WGRP_OS
auto space advisor ENABLED ORA$AUTOTASK_SPACE_GROUP ORA$AT_WGRP_SA
sql tuning advisor ENABLED ORA$AUTOTASK_SQL_GROUP ORA$AT_WGRP_SQ
SYS@ora11g> select window_name, window_next_time, autotask_status, optimizer_stats, segment_advisor, sql_tune_advisor
from dba_autotask_window_clients;
WINDOW_NAME WINDOW_NEXT_TIME AUTOTASK_STATUS OPTIMIZER_STATS SEGMENT_ADVISOR SQL_TUNE_ADVISOR
-------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------
MONDAY_WINDOW 26-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED DISABLED ENABLED ENABLED
TUESDAY_WINDOW 27-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED DISABLED ENABLED ENABLED
WEDNESDAY_WINDOW 28-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED DISABLED ENABLED ENABLED
THURSDAY_WINDOW 22-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED DISABLED ENABLED ENABLED
FRIDAY_WINDOW 23-FEB-24 10.00.00.000000 PM EST5EDT ENABLED DISABLED ENABLED ENABLED
SATURDAY_WINDOW 24-FEB-24 06.00.00.000000 AM EST5EDT ENABLED DISABLED ENABLED ENABLED
SUNDAY_WINDOW 25-FEB-24 06.00.00.000000 AM EST5EDT ENABLED DISABLED ENABLED ENABLED
# 자동 통계 수집 활성화
begin
dbms_auto_task_admin.inable(
client_name => 'auto optimizer stats collection',
operation => null,
window_name => null);
end;
/
# statistics_level : 통계 수집 레벨
SYS@ora11g> show parameter statistics_level
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ------- ------------------------------
statistics_level string TYPICAL
> statistics_level = [ basic | typical(기본값) | all ]
basic : 통계수집 안하겠다.
typical : 일부 통계 수집을 하겠다.
all : 가능한 모든 통계 수집을 하겠다.
> mmon이 통계수집을 하는 프로세스
> system level, session level
# block 샘플링 개수
SYS@ora11g> show parameter optimizer_dynamic_sampling
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ------- ------------------------------
optimizer_dynamic_sampling integer 2
> value : 1 ~ 10
# 예시
SYS@ora11g> create table hr.emp_new nologging as select employee_id, last_name, salary
from hr.employees;
Table created.
SYS@ora11g> select num_rows, blocks, avg_row_len, last_analyzed
from dba_tables
where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
NUM_ROWS BLOCKS AVG_ROW_LEN LAST_ANALY
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
SYS@ora11g> explain plan for select * from hr.emp_new where employee_id = 100;
Explained.
SYS@ora11g> select plan_table_output from table(dbms_xplan.display);
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 40 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP_NEW | 1 | 40 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("EMPLOYEE_ID"=100)
Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
# 통계 수집
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname => 'hr', tabname => 'emp_new', degree => 2)
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
- degree => 2 : 프로세서 2개 사용, 병렬작업, CPU 2배수까지 가능, 대용량에선 꼭 사용하자.
SYS@ora11g> select num_rows, blocks, avg_row_len, last_analyzed
from dba_tables
where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
NUM_ROWS BLOCKS AVG_ROW_LEN LAST_ANALY
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
107 4 14 2024-02-23
# 수정정보 : 모니터링
SYS@ora11g> select * from dba_tab_modifications where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
no rows selected
SYS@ora11g> insert into hr.emp_new (employee_id, last_name, salary) values (301, 'itwill', 1000);
1 row created.
SYS@ora11g> insert into hr.emp_new (employee_id, last_name, salary) values (302, 'itwill', 2000);
1 row created.
SYS@ora11g> commit;
Commit complete.
SYS@ora11g> select * from dba_tab_modifications where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
no rows selected
> 왜 안나옴? > smon 일을 안한다?
# flush : smon에 요청
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.flush_database_monitoring_info
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ora11g> select * from dba_tab_modifications where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
TABLE_OWNER TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME SUBPARTITION_NAME INSERTS UPDATES DELETES TIMESTAMP TRU DROP_SEGMENTS
------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- -------------
HR EMP_NEW 2 0 0 2024-02-23 NO 0
> INSERTS : 2개
SYS@ora11g> update hr.emp_new set salary = salary * 1.1 where salary > 10000;
14 rows updated.
SYS@ora11g> delete from hr.emp_new where employee_id in (100,101,102,103,104);
5 rows deleted.
SYS@ora11g> commit;
Commit complete.
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.flush_database_monitoring_info
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ora11g> select * from dba_tab_modifications where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
TABLE_OWNER TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME SUBPARTITION_NAME INSERTS UPDATES DELETES TIMESTAMP TRUNCATED DROP_SEGMENTS
------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- -------------
HR EMP_NEW 2 14 5 2024-02-23 NO 0
> update : 14개
> delete : 5개
# 통계정보 갱신 필요 여부
SYS@ora11g> select num_rows, last_analyzed, stale_stats
from dba_tab_statistics
where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
NUM_ROWS LAST_ANALYZED STALE_STATS
---------- ------------- -----------
104 23-FEB-24 NO
> stale_stats = yes : 마지막 통계 수집 이후 10% 이상의 변화율이 관측된 테이블.
# 통계수집을 다시하면 초기화 된다.
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname => 'hr', tabname => 'emp_new', degree => 2)
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ora11g> select * from dba_tab_modifications where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
no rows selected
SYS@ora11g> select num_rows, last_analyzed, stale_stats
from dba_tab_statistics
where table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
NUM_ROWS LAST_ANALY STALE_STATS
---------- ---------- -----------
104 2024-02-23 NO
# stale 상태로 빠지는 변화율의 값을 바꾸는 기능
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.set_table_prefs('hr','emp_new','stale_percent','40')
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
> 자동통계수집 시 emp_new 테이블은 10% -> 40% 기준 적용
# 통계수집을 못하게 lock 설정
# Lock 설정
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.lock_table_stats('hr','emp_new')
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ora11g> select stattype_locked
from dba_tab_statistics
where owner = 'HR' and table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
STATTYPE_LOCKED
---------------
ALL
> all : lock 걸려있다.
> 수집하면 에러난다.
> 실행계획이 바뀌면 안되는 경우 사용
# 통계 수집 시도
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname => 'hr', tabname => 'emp_new', degree => 2)
ORA-20005: object statistics are locked (stattype = ALL)
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_STATS", line 24281
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_STATS", line 24332
# lock 해제
SYS@ora11g> exec dbms_stats.unlock_table_stats('hr','emp_new')
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@ora11g> select stattype_locked
from dba_tab_statistics
where owner = 'HR' and table_name = 'EMP_NEW';
STATTYPE_LOCKED
---------------
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| 90 Pushdown, Pullup, Use_concat, Optimazer (0) | 2024.02.22 |
| 89 Pushing Subquery, View Merging, Pushdown (0) | 2024.02.21 |
| 88 Hash Join, unnest, eliminate_join, SEMI JOIN, ANTI JOIN (0) | 2024.02.20 |